barw Judi Clinical Journal 3105-4102 1 1 2025 06 30 Pediatric Adrenal Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report and Literature Review 63 66 10.70955/JCJ.2025.7 eng Wirya N. Sabir Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shar Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq Hadeel A. Yasseen College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq Shwan F. Abdulaziz Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shar Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq Paiwand A. Nadr Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Shaho F. Ahmed Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq Meer M. Abdulkarim Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq Hiwa O. Abdullah Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Sasan M. Ahmed Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East office), Hamdi Street, Azadi Mall, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Sarhang S. Abdalla Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Kayhan A. Najar Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq Berun A. Abdalla Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Fahmi H. Kakamad College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq 0000-0002-2124-9580 2025 04 20 Introduction: Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease that can affect various organs and tissues in the human body. However, primary adrenal hydatid cyst (AHC) is rare and may be overlooked, making its early detection crucial. This report presents a case of an incidentally diagnosed primary AHC. Case presentation: A 5-year-old female with an unremarkable medical history underwent abdominal ultrasonography for assessment of an inguinal hernia, and a right adrenal lesion was incidentally discovered. Intraoperatively, the lesion was suspected to be AHC, which was later confirmed by histopathology. Literature review: The 10 cases of AHC that were reviewed had a mean age of 46.2 ± 12.2 years; six patients were male. Three cases had a history of contact with animals. No laterality differences were observed, and the mean cyst size was 7.45 ± 2.7 cm. Flank pain was the most common symptom (3 of 10), and surgery was performed for all the cases, accompanied by antiparasitic drugs in five cases. No cases of recurrence were reported. Conclusion: Primary AHC can be easily overlooked or misdiagnosed as an adrenal mass, often being identified incidentally during investigations for unrelated health concerns. Surgical excision of the cyst without rupture may yield favorable results.